{"id":2902,"date":"2020-09-11T13:25:54","date_gmt":"2020-09-11T13:25:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/glossary\/"},"modified":"2021-09-30T09:44:55","modified_gmt":"2021-09-30T09:44:55","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;A&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Nepriazniv\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti z detstva (NSD)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ace&#8221;]Odkazuj\u00fa na najintenz\u00edvnej\u0161ie a naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa vyskytuj\u00face zdroje stresu, ktor\u00fdmi m\u00f4\u017eu deti v ranom veku trpie\u0165. Tak\u00e9to sk\u00fasenosti zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa r\u00f4zne druhy zneu\u017e\u00edvania; zanedb\u00e1vania; n\u00e1silie medzi rodi\u010dmi alebo opatrovate\u013emi; in\u00e9 druhy v\u00e1\u017enej dysfunkcie dom\u00e1cnosti, ako napr\u00edklad alkohol a n\u00e1vykov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky; rovesn\u00edcke, komunitn\u00e9 a kolekt\u00edvne n\u00e1silie. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee zna\u010dn\u00fd a dlhotrvaj\u00faci stres v detstve m\u00e1 celo\u017eivotn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky na zdravie a pohodu \u010dloveka. M\u00f4\u017ee naru\u0161i\u0165 skor\u00fd v\u00fdvoj mozgu a naru\u0161i\u0165 fungovanie nervov\u00e9ho a imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Okrem toho z d\u00f4vodu spr\u00e1vania niektor\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed sa stretli s NSD, m\u00f4\u017ee tak\u00fdto stres vies\u0165 k v\u00e1\u017enym probl\u00e9mom, ako je alkoholizmus, depresia, poruchy stravovania, nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd sex, HIV \/ AIDS, srdcov\u00e9 choroby, rakovina a \u010fal\u0161ie chronick\u00e9 choroby.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Retrieved from &#8220;<a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/violence_injury_prevention\/violence\/activities\/adverse_childhood_experiences\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>&#8220;.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Aspergerov Syndr\u00f3m (AS)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;as&#8221;]V\u00fdvinov\u00e1 porucha. Ide o poruchu autistick\u00e9ho spektra (ASD), jednu z v\u00fdraznej skupiny neurologick\u00fdch stavov charakterizovan\u00fdch v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm alebo men\u0161\u00edm stup\u0148om po\u0161kodenia jazykov\u00fdch a komunika\u010dn\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed, ako aj opakuj\u00facimi sa alebo obmedzuj\u00facimi vzorcami myslenia a spr\u00e1vania. Na rozdiel od det\u00ed s autizmom si deti s AS zachov\u00e1vaj\u00fa svoje ran\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 znalosti.<\/p>\n<p>Najv\u00fdraznej\u0161\u00edm pr\u00edznakom AS je obsedantn\u00fd z\u00e1ujem die\u0165a\u0165a o jeden objekt alebo t\u00e9mu s vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00edm ak\u00fdchko\u013evek in\u00fdch. Deti s AS chc\u00fa vedie\u0165 v\u0161etko o svojej t\u00e9me, ktor\u00e1 ich zauj\u00edma, a ich rozhovory s ostatn\u00fdmi bud\u00fa o nie\u010dom inom. V\u010faka ich odbornosti, vysokej \u00farovni slovnej z\u00e1soby a form\u00e1lnym vzorom re\u010di p\u00f4sobia ako mal\u00ed profesori. Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie charakteristiky AS patria opakuj\u00face sa rutiny alebo ritu\u00e1ly; zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti v re\u010di a jazyku; soci\u00e1lne a emocion\u00e1lne neprimeran\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie a neschopnos\u0165 \u00faspe\u0161nej interakcie s rovesn\u00edkmi; probl\u00e9my s neverb\u00e1lnou komunik\u00e1ciou; a nemotorn\u00e9 a nekoordinovan\u00e9 pohyby.<\/p>\n<p>Deti s AS s\u00fa izolovan\u00e9 kv\u00f4li svojim zl\u00fdm soci\u00e1lnym zru\u010dnostiam a \u00fazkym z\u00e1ujmom. M\u00f4\u017eu sa pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 k in\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom, ale znemo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa norm\u00e1lny rozhovor neprimeran\u00fdm alebo v\u00fdstredn\u00fdm spr\u00e1van\u00edm alebo t\u00fdm, \u017ee chc\u00fa hovori\u0165 iba o ich jedine\u010dnom z\u00e1ujme. Deti s AS maj\u00fa zvy\u010dajne hist\u00f3riu v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch oneskoren\u00ed v motorick\u00fdch zru\u010dnostiach, ako je \u0161liapanie na bicykli, chytanie lopty alebo lezenie po vonkaj\u0161\u00edch hrac\u00edch preliezkach. \u010casto maj\u00fa probl\u00e9my s motorikou a zle koordinovan\u00e9 pohyby pri ch\u00f4dzi, ktor\u00e1 sa m\u00f4\u017ee javi\u0165 bu\u010f ako chod\u00fa\u013eov\u00e1 alebo sk\u00e1kav\u00e1.(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 2020).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">Retrieved from <\/span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\"><a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/disorders\/all-disorders\/asperger-syndrome-information-page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 2020<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Dr\u00e1ha atletick\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ast&#8221;]Toto je validovan\u00fd merac\u00ed pr\u00edstroj ur\u010den\u00fd na meranie motorick\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed det\u00ed od 4 do 12 rokov, ktor\u00fd je mo\u017en\u00e9 vykon\u00e1va\u0165 po\u010das be\u017enej hodiny telesnej v\u00fdchovy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(Hoeboer et al., 2019)[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Porucha pozornosti (ADD)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;add&#8221;]Je term\u00edn pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd pre jednu z prezent\u00e1ci\u00ed poruchy pozornosti s hyperaktivitou (ADHD), ako je definovan\u00e9 v \u201eDiagnostickom a \u0161tatistickom manu\u00e1li du\u0161evn\u00fdch por\u00fach\u201c. Je to ofici\u00e1lne \u201eporucha pozornosti \/ hyperaktivita, preva\u017ene nepozorn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>ADD sa neprejavuje rovnak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom ako ADHD preva\u017ene hyperakt\u00edvny-impulz\u00edvny typ alebo ADHD kombinovan\u00fd typ. Deti s\u00a0t\u00fdmto spr\u00e1van\u00edm maj\u00fa r\u00f4zne pr\u00edznaky.<\/p>\n<p>Napr\u00edklad deti s \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi dvoma prejavmi ADHD maj\u00fa na hodin\u00e1ch tendenciu kona\u0165 alebo vykazova\u0165 probl\u00e9my so spr\u00e1van\u00edm. Deti s ADD spravidla neru\u0161ia v \u0161kole. M\u00f4\u017eu dokonca ticho sedie\u0165 v triede, ale to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ich porucha nie je probl\u00e9mom a \u017ee sa neboja s\u00fastredi\u0165 sa. Navy\u0161e nie v\u0161etky deti s ADD s\u00fa rovnak\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellmind.com\/add-and-attention-deficit-disorders-2161810\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Verywell Mind, 2020<\/a>.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Procesy pre pozornos\u0165&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;attentive-processes&#8221;]Pod\u010diarknite a dodajte energiu kognit\u00edvnym a behavior\u00e1lnym \u010dinnostiam, ktor\u00e9 sl\u00fa\u017eia trochu ako pr\u00edkazov\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa zahrn\u00fa\u0165 jednu alebo viac kognit\u00edvnych funkci\u00ed. \u201c<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(Commodari, 2012, p. 18)[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Porucha autistick\u00e9ho spektra (PAS)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;asd&#8221;]V\u00fdvinov\u00e1 porucha ovplyv\u0148uj\u00faca komunik\u00e1ciu a spr\u00e1vanie. Aj ke\u010f mo\u017eno autizmus diagnostikova\u0165 v akomko\u013evek veku, hovor\u00ed sa o \u201ev\u00fdvojovej poruche\u201c, preto\u017ee pr\u00edznaky sa zvy\u010dajne objavuj\u00fa v prv\u00fdch dvoch rokoch \u017eivota.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u013ea Diagnostick\u00e9ho a \u0161tatistick\u00e9ho manu\u00e1lu du\u0161evn\u00fdch por\u00fach (DSM-5) maj\u00fa \u013eudia s PAS:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0164a\u017ekosti s komunik\u00e1ciou a interakciou s in\u00fdmi \u013eu\u010fmi<\/li>\n<li>Obmedzen\u00e9 z\u00e1ujmy a opakuj\u00face sa spr\u00e1vanie<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00edznaky, ktor\u00e9 po\u0161kodzuj\u00fa schopnos\u0165 \u010dloveka spr\u00e1vne fungova\u0165 v \u0161kole, v pr\u00e1ci a v in\u00fdch oblastiach \u017eivota<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Autizmus je zn\u00e1my ako porucha \u201espektra\u201c, preto\u017ee existuj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00e9 rozdiely v type a z\u00e1va\u017enosti pr\u00edznakov, ktor\u00e9 \u013eudia za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa. PAS sa vyskytuje vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch etnick\u00fdch, rasov\u00fdch a ekonomick\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch. Aj ke\u010f PAS m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 celo\u017eivotnou poruchou, lie\u010dba a slu\u017eby m\u00f4\u017eu zlep\u0161i\u0165 pr\u00edznaky a schopnos\u0165 \u010dloveka fungova\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/autism-spectrum-disorders-asd\/index.shtml\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">National Institute of Mental Health (NIH), 2020<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Artrit\u00edda&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;arthritis&#8221;]Doslova znamen\u00e1 z\u00e1pal k\u013abov. Aj ke\u010f z\u00e1pal k\u013abov je sk\u00f4r pr\u00edznakom alebo znakom ako konkr\u00e9tna diagn\u00f3za, v\u00fdraz artrit\u00edda sa \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edva na ozna\u010denie akejko\u013evek poruchy, ktor\u00e1 postihuje k\u013aby. Existuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne typy artrit\u00eddy. Pri niektor\u00fdch chorob\u00e1ch, pri ktor\u00fdch sa vyskytuje artrit\u00edda, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ovplyvnen\u00e9 aj in\u00e9 org\u00e1ny, ako s\u00fa o\u010di, srdce alebo poko\u017eka.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">Retrieved from<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.niams.nih.gov\/health-topics\/arthritis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, 2017<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Astma&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;asthma&#8221;]Be\u017en\u00fd stav p\u013e\u00fac, ktor\u00fd sp\u00f4sobuje sporadick\u00e9 \u0165a\u017ekosti s d\u00fdchan\u00edm. Za\u010d\u00edna sa \u010dasto v detstve, hoci sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyvin\u00fa\u0165 aj u dospel\u00fdch, a postihuje \u013eud\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdch vekov\u00fdch skup\u00edn. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti neexistuje \u017eiadny liek, ale lie\u010dba m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 pr\u00edznaky. Pacienti m\u00f4\u017eu \u017ei\u0165 plnohodnotn\u00fd a pr\u00ednosn\u00fd \u017eivot so spr\u00e1vnou lie\u010dbou a \u017eivotospr\u00e1vou. Astma je sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 opuchom a z\u00fa\u017een\u00edm trub\u00edc, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa vzduch do a z p\u013e\u00fac.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">Retrieved from <\/span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&#8220;<a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/q-a-detail\/asthma\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>&#8220;.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Pozornos\u0165&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;attention&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Heterog\u00e9nna funkcia, ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148a nieko\u013eko r\u00f4znych procesov a kapac\u00edt, ktor\u00e9 s\u00favisia s t\u00fdm, ako sa organizmus st\u00e1va vn\u00edmav\u00fdm na podnety a ako m\u00f4\u017ee za\u010da\u0165 so spracovan\u00edm, prich\u00e1dzaj\u00facim alebo z\u00fa\u010dast\u0148ovan\u00edm sa excit\u00e1cie, \u010di u\u017e vonkaj\u0161ej alebo vn\u00fatornej<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\"><a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12144-012-9128-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Lezak,\u202f1995<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Porucha pozornosti s hyperaktivitou (ADHD)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;adhd&#8221;]Jedna z najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00edch neuro-v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch por\u00fach detstva. Spravidla sa diagnostikuje prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t v detstve a \u010dasto trv\u00e1 a\u017e do dospelosti. Deti s ADHD m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 probl\u00e9m venova\u0165 pozornos\u0165, ovl\u00e1da\u0165 impulz\u00edvne spr\u00e1vanie (m\u00f4\u017eu kona\u0165 bez rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013eania nad t\u00fdm, ak\u00fd bude v\u00fdsledok), alebo m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 prehnane akt\u00edvne.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/adhd\/facts.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\/U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services, 2020<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;C&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Cancers&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;cancers&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Is the uncontrolled growth and spread of cells. It can affect almost any part of the body. The growths often invade surrounding tissue and can metastasize to distant sites. Many cancers can be prevented by avoiding exposure to common risk factors, such as tobacco smoke. In addition, a significant proportion of cancers can be cured, by surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, especially if they are detected early.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/cancer#tab=tab_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Mozgov\u00e1 obrna&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;cp&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Motorick\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie, ktor\u00e9 je v\u00fdsledkom l\u00e9zie alebo traumy vyv\u00edjaj\u00faceho sa mozgu a ovplyv\u0148uje jeho schopnos\u0165 kontrolova\u0165 pohyb a dr\u017eanie tela. Skupinu neurologick\u00fdch por\u00fach charakterizuje slabos\u0165, ochrnutie, nedostatok koordin\u00e1cie a motorick\u00fdch funkci\u00ed a ve\u013emi zl\u00fd svalov\u00fd tonus.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Chronick\u00fd \u00fanavov\u00fd syndr\u00f3m\/ Myalgick\u00e1 encefalomyelit\u00edda (CHUS\/ME)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;cfs&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">V\u00e1\u017ene, dlhodob\u00e9 ochorenie, ktor\u00e9 ovplyv\u0148uje mnoho syst\u00e9mov tela. \u013dudia s CHUS \/ ME \u010dasto nie s\u00fa schopn\u00ed vykon\u00e1va\u0165 svoje obvykl\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. Niekedy ich m\u00f4\u017ee CHUS \/ ME prip\u00fata\u0165 na l\u00f4\u017eko. \u013dudia s CUS \/ ME maj\u00fa \u0165a\u017ek\u00fa \u00fanavu a probl\u00e9my so sp\u00e1nkom. CFS \/ ME sa m\u00f4\u017ee zhor\u0161i\u0165 potom, ako sa \u013eudia s ochoren\u00edm pok\u00fasia urobi\u0165 to\u013eko, ko\u013eko chc\u00fa alebo potrebuj\u00fa. Tento pr\u00edznak je zn\u00e1my ako post-n\u00e1mahov\u00e1 nevo\u013enos\u0165 (PNN). Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie pr\u00edznaky patria probl\u00e9my s myslen\u00edm a s\u00fastreden\u00edm, boles\u0165 a z\u00e1vraty<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Komunik\u00e1cia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;com&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">V\u00fdmena inform\u00e1ci\u00ed s ostatn\u00fdmi. Je to proces odosielania a prij\u00edmania spr\u00e1v. \u013dudia komunikuj\u00fa znakmi a symbolmi, ako s\u00fa slov\u00e1, kresby a obr\u00e1zky. Komunikuj\u00fa tie\u017e spr\u00e1van\u00edm. (Alvare a kol., 2005, s. 29). Komunik\u00e1cia je verb\u00e1lna alebo neverb\u00e1lna. Verb\u00e1lna komunik\u00e1cia vyu\u017e\u00edva slov\u00e1 alebo zvuky, hovoren\u00e9 alebo p\u00edsan\u00e9 [\u2026]. Neverb\u00e1lna komunik\u00e1cia zah\u0155\u0148a to, ako \u010dlovek nie\u010do hovor\u00ed [\u2026]. Re\u010d tela je \u010fal\u0161ou formou neverb\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie. Pohyby, mimika a dr\u017eanie tela m\u00f4\u017eu prejavova\u0165 r\u00f4zne postoje alebo em\u00f3cie (Ibid.).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Kardiovaskul\u00e1rne choroby (CVD) \/ Ochorenia srdca&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;cvd&#8221;]Je n\u00e1zov pre skupinu por\u00fach srdca a krvn\u00fdch ciev a zah\u0155\u0148a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0hypertenzia (vysok\u00fd krvn\u00fd tlak)<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0ischemick\u00e1 choroba srdca (srdcov\u00fd infarkt)<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0cerebrovaskul\u00e1rne ochorenie (m\u0155tvica)<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0perif\u00e9rne vaskul\u00e1rne ochorenie<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0z\u00e1stava srdca<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0reumatick\u00e9 choroby srdca<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0vroden\u00e9 srdcov\u00e9 choroby<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0kardiomyopatie. (WHO, 2020).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/cardiovascular_diseases\/about_cvd\/en\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Chronick\u00e9 ochorenia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;chc&#8221;]Definuje ich Svetov\u00e1 zdravotn\u00edcka organiz\u00e1cia ako po\u017eiadavku neust\u00e1leho riadenia v priebehu rokov alebo desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed. Chronick\u00e9 ochorenia s\u00fa \u010dasto kontrolovan\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00edm liekov alebo in\u00fdch terapi\u00ed. Zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa \u0161irok\u00fa \u0161k\u00e1lu zdravotn\u00fdch stavov, ktor\u00e9 zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa pod\u013ea Medzin\u00e1rodnej \u0161tatistickej klasifik\u00e1cie chor\u00f4b a s\u00favisiacich zdravotn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov (IDC-10) (WHO, 2016):<\/p>\n<p>I. Niektor\u00e9 infek\u010dn\u00e9 a parazit\u00e1rne choroby<\/p>\n<p>II. Novotvary<\/p>\n<p>III. Choroby krvi a krvotvorn\u00fdch org\u00e1nov a ur\u010dit\u00e9 poruchy t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa imunitn\u00e9ho mechanizmu<\/p>\n<p>IV. Endokrinn\u00e9, v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9 a metabolick\u00e9 choroby<\/p>\n<p>V. Poruchy psychiky a spr\u00e1vania<\/p>\n<p>VI. Choroby nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/p>\n<p>VII. Ochorenia oka a adnex<\/p>\n<p>VIII. Choroby ucha a mastoidn\u00fd proces<\/p>\n<p>IX. Choroby obehov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/p>\n<p>X. Choroby d\u00fdchacieho syst\u00e9mu<\/p>\n<p>XI. Choroby tr\u00e1viaceho syst\u00e9mu<\/p>\n<p>XII. Choroby ko\u017ee a podko\u017en\u00e9ho tkaniva<\/p>\n<p>XIII. Choroby pohybov\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu a spojivov\u00e9ho tkaniva<\/p>\n<p>XIV. Choroby mo\u010dovej a pohlavnej s\u00fastavy<\/p>\n<p>XV. Tehotenstvo, p\u00f4rod a \u0161estonedelie<\/p>\n<p>XVI. Ur\u010dit\u00e9 stavy poch\u00e1dzaj\u00face z perinat\u00e1lneho obdobia<\/p>\n<p>XVII. Vroden\u00e9 chyby, deform\u00e1cie a chromozom\u00e1lne abnormality[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Chronick\u00e1 ob\u0161truk\u010dn\u00e1 pulmon\u00e1rna choroba (CHOPCH)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;copd&#8221;]Zastre\u0161uj\u00faci v\u00fdraz pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd na popis chronick\u00fdch p\u013e\u00facnych chor\u00f4b, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa obmedzenia v p\u013e\u00facnom priestore. Nejde o oby\u010dajn\u00fd faj\u010diarsky ka\u0161e\u013e, ale o nedostato\u010dne diagnostikovan\u00fa, \u017eivot ohrozuj\u00facu chorobu p\u013e\u00fac. Najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00edmi pr\u00edznakmi CHOCPCH s\u00fa d\u00fdchavi\u010dnos\u0165 alebo \u201epotreba vzduchu\u201c, nadmern\u00e1 tvorba hlienu a chronick\u00fd ka\u0161e\u013e. Ka\u017edodenn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, ako napr\u00edklad ch\u00f4dza po kr\u00e1tkom schodisku, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pri zhor\u0161ovan\u00ed choroby ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/q-a-detail\/what-is-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(copd)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>.[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Koncentr\u00e1cia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;concentration&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">\u010cinnos\u0165 alebo sila zamerania v\u0161etkej pozornosti \u010dloveka.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;D&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;D\/hluchota&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;deaf&#8221;]Hluchota \/ nepo\u010duj\u00faci: Mal\u00e9 p\u00edsmen\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa, ke\u010f sa odkazuje na zvukovo-logick\u00fd stav sluchu, a ve\u013ek\u00e9 nepo\u010duj\u00face, ke\u010f sa odkazuj\u00fa na konkr\u00e9tnu skupinu nepo\u010duj\u00facich, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa spolo\u010dn\u00fd jazyk (Padden &amp; Humphries, 1988; Ennis &amp; Liberman, citovan\u00fd v Block, 2019, s. 218)<\/p>\n<p>Deti so sluchov\u00fdm postihnut\u00edm maj\u00fa \u0165a\u017ekosti so spracovan\u00edm verb\u00e1lnych inform\u00e1ci\u00ed so zosilnen\u00edm alebo bez neho, \u010do nar\u00fa\u0161a ich vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed v\u00fdkon. Poruchy sluchu patria medzi naj\u010dastej\u0161ie obmedzuj\u00face stavy, ktor\u00e9 sa vyskytuj\u00fa u det\u00ed a dospel\u00fdch. Strata sluchu sa m\u00f4\u017ee pohybova\u0165 od \u010diasto\u010dnej a\u017e po \u00fapln\u00fa (Gallahue &amp; Donnelly, 2003, p. 152).[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Depresia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;de&#8221;]Be\u017en\u00e1 du\u0161evn\u00e1 porucha postihuj\u00faca viac ako 264 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed na celom svete. Vyzna\u010duje sa pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00facim sm\u00fatkom a nez\u00e1ujmom alebo pote\u0161en\u00edm z predt\u00fdm odme\u0148uj\u00facich alebo pr\u00edjemn\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed. M\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e naru\u0161i\u0165 sp\u00e1nok a chu\u0165 do jedla; \u00fanava a slab\u00e1 koncentr\u00e1cia s\u00fa be\u017en\u00e9. Depresia je hlavnou pr\u00ed\u010dinou zdravotn\u00e9ho postihnutia na celom svete a v\u00fdznamne prispieva ku glob\u00e1lnemu za\u0165a\u017eeniu chorobami. \u00da\u010dinky depresie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 dlhotrvaj\u00face alebo opakuj\u00face sa a m\u00f4\u017eu dramaticky ovplyvni\u0165 schopnos\u0165 \u010dloveka fungova\u0165 a \u017ei\u0165 prospe\u0161n\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n<p>Medzi pr\u00ed\u010diny depresie patria zlo\u017eit\u00e9 interakcie medzi soci\u00e1lnymi, psychologick\u00fdmi a biologick\u00fdmi faktormi. \u017divotn\u00e9 udalosti ako nepriaze\u0148 detstva, strata alebo nezamestnanos\u0165 prispievaj\u00fa k vzniku depresie a m\u00f4\u017eu ju katalyzova\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/depression#tab=tab_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>.[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Dyspraxia \/ V\u00fdvojov\u00e1 porucha koordiin\u00e1cie VPK)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;dy&#8221;]Porucha v\u00fdvojovej koordin\u00e1cie (VPK), zn\u00e1ma tie\u017e ako dyspraxia, je be\u017en\u00e1 porucha ovplyv\u0148uj\u00faca jemn\u00fa a \/ alebo hrub\u00fa motorick\u00fa koordin\u00e1ciu u det\u00ed a dospel\u00fdch. VPK je form\u00e1lne uzn\u00e1van\u00e9 medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdmi organiz\u00e1ciami vr\u00e1tane Svetovej zdravotn\u00edckej organiz\u00e1cie. VPK sa l\u00ed\u0161i od in\u00fdch motorick\u00fdch por\u00fach, ako je detsk\u00e1 mozgov\u00e1 obrna a m\u0155tvica, a vyskytuje sa v celom rade intelektu\u00e1lnych schopnost\u00ed. Pod\u013ea toho, ako sa \u0165a\u017ekosti vyskytuj\u00fa, sa m\u00f4\u017eu jednotlivci l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165: m\u00f4\u017eu sa \u010dasom meni\u0165 v z\u00e1vislosti od environment\u00e1lnych po\u017eiadaviek a \u017eivotn\u00fdch sk\u00fasenost\u00ed a bud\u00fa pretrv\u00e1va\u0165 a\u017e do dospelosti.<\/p>\n<p>Koordina\u010dn\u00e9 \u0165a\u017ekosti jednotlivca m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 vplyv na jeho \u00fa\u010das\u0165 a fungovanie v ka\u017edodennom \u017eivote, vo vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed, pr\u00e1ci a zamestnan\u00ed. Deti m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 \u0165a\u017ekosti so starostlivos\u0165ou o seba, p\u00edsan\u00edm, p\u00edsan\u00edm na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, jazden\u00edm na bicykli a hran\u00edm, ako aj in\u00fdmi vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edmi a rekrea\u010dn\u00fdmi \u010dinnos\u0165ami. V dospelosti bude mnoho z t\u00fdchto \u0165a\u017ekost\u00ed pokra\u010dova\u0165, rovnako ako u\u010denie sa nov\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed doma, vo vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed a pr\u00e1ci, ako je napr\u00edklad vedenie vozidla a vlastn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca. M\u00f4\u017ee sa vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 cel\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la s\u00fa\u010dasne sa vyskytuj\u00facich \u0165a\u017ekost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 tie\u017e v\u00e1\u017ene negat\u00edvne dopady na ka\u017edodenn\u00fd \u017eivot. Patria sem soci\u00e1lne a emo\u010dn\u00e9 \u0165a\u017ekosti, probl\u00e9my s riaden\u00edm \u010dasu, pl\u00e1novan\u00edm a osobnou organiz\u00e1ciou, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu tie\u017e ovplyvni\u0165 vzdelanie alebo zamestnanie dospel\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Die\u0165a m\u00f4\u017ee vo v\u0161eobecnosti p\u00f4sobi\u0165 tr\u00e1pne. M\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 \u0165a\u017ekosti s niektor\u00fdmi alebo so v\u0161etk\u00fdm z nasleduj\u00facich:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2022 Fyzick\u00e1 hra, telesn\u00e1 v\u00fdchova a \u0161kolsk\u00e9 \u0161porty, najm\u00e4 pri hran\u00ed t\u00edmov\u00fdch hier vr\u00e1tane loptov\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>\u2022 Starostlivos\u0165 o seba napr. obliekanie pred \/ po TV \u00a0napr. zaviazanie \u0161n\u00farok na top\u00e1nkach a spr\u00e1vne oble\u010denie.<\/li>\n<li>\u2022 Ru\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00edsanie a kreslenie.<\/li>\n<li>\u2022 Pou\u017e\u00edvanie n\u00e1strojov a zariaden\u00ed napr. no\u017enice, prav\u00edtka.<\/li>\n<li>\u2022 Nau\u010di\u0165 sa nov\u00e9 motorick\u00e9 \u00falohy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Niektor\u00e9 deti m\u00f4\u017eu tie\u017e za\u017ei\u0165:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2022 Probl\u00e9my so v\u0161eobecnou organiz\u00e1ciou a pl\u00e1novan\u00edm seba a svojich vec\u00ed, napr. strata pier a papierov, zabudnutie na knihy alebo \u0161portov\u00e9 potreby, ktor\u00e9 potrebuj\u00fa.<\/li>\n<li>\u2022 Soci\u00e1lne \u0165a\u017ekosti napr. \u0165a\u017ekosti v skupin\u00e1ch, najm\u00e4 udr\u017eiavanie priate\u013esk\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u2022 Emo\u010dn\u00e9 \u0165a\u017ekosti napr. n\u00edzke sebavedomie.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Leaflet-for-primary-teacher-MM2012b.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Movement Matters (PDF)<\/a>.[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Diabetes&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;d&#8221;]Chronick\u00e9 metabolick\u00e9 ochorenie charakterizovan\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enou hladinou gluk\u00f3zy v krvi (alebo krvnom cukre), ktor\u00e9 \u010dasom vedie k v\u00e1\u017enemu po\u0161kodeniu srdca, krvn\u00fdch ciev, o\u010d\u00ed, obli\u010diek a nervov. Najbe\u017enej\u0161ia je cukrovka typu 2, zvy\u010dajne u dospel\u00fdch, ku ktorej doch\u00e1dza, ke\u010f sa telo stane rezistentn\u00fdm na inzul\u00edn alebo ke\u010f si nevytvor\u00ed dostatok inzul\u00ednu. Za posledn\u00e9 tri desa\u0165ro\u010dia prevalencia cukrovky typu 2 dramaticky vzr\u00e1stla v krajin\u00e1ch so v\u0161etk\u00fdmi \u00farov\u0148ami pr\u00edjmu. Cukrovka 1. typu, kedysi zn\u00e1ma ako juveniln\u00e1 cukrovka alebo cukrovka z\u00e1visl\u00e1 od inzul\u00ednu, je chronick\u00e9 ochorenie, pri ktorom pankreas s\u00e1m o sebe produkuje m\u00e1lo alebo \u017eiadny inzul\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/diabetes#tab=tab_1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>.[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Hluchota alebo sluchov\u00e9 postihnutie&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;deaf&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">T\u00fdka sa akejko\u013evek do\u010dasnej alebo trvalej \u00farovne straty sluchu, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 vplyv na die\u0165a vo vzdel\u00e1vacom prostred\u00ed. (Ennis &amp; Liberman, cited in Block 2019 p. 218)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Porucha v\u00fdvoja re\u010di&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;dmld&#8221;]Poruchy, pri ktor\u00fdch s\u00fa be\u017en\u00e9 vzorce osvojovania jazyka naru\u0161en\u00e9 od ran\u00fdch f\u00e1z v\u00fdvoja. Podmienky nemo\u017eno priamo prip\u00edsa\u0165 neurologick\u00fdm abnormalit\u00e1m alebo abnormalit\u00e1m re\u010dov\u00e9ho mechanizmu, senzorick\u00fdm poruch\u00e1m, ment\u00e1lnej retard\u00e1cii alebo faktorom prostredia. Po \u0161pecifick\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch poruch\u00e1ch re\u010di a jazyka \u010dasto nasleduj\u00fa s\u00favisiace probl\u00e9my, ako s\u00fa \u0165a\u017ekosti s \u010d\u00edtan\u00edm a pravopisom, abnormality v medzi\u013eudsk\u00fdch vz\u0165ahoch a emo\u010dn\u00e9 poruchy a poruchy spr\u00e1vania.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>\u0160pecifick\u00e1 porucha re\u010dovej artikul\u00e1cie<\/h5>\n<p>\u0160pecifick\u00e1 v\u00fdvinov\u00e1 porucha, pri ktorej je pou\u017e\u00edvanie re\u010dov\u00fdch zvukov die\u0165a\u0165a pod \u00farov\u0148ou zodpovedaj\u00facou jeho ment\u00e1lnemu veku, ale pri ktorej je be\u017en\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 jazykov\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvojov\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0fonologick\u00e1 porucha<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0porucha artikul\u00e1cie re\u010di<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dyslialia<\/p>\n<p>Funk\u010dn\u00e1 porucha artikul\u00e1cie re\u010di<\/p>\n<p>Lalovanie<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>Porucha expres\u00edvnej re\u010di<\/h5>\n<p>\u0160pecifick\u00e1 v\u00fdvinov\u00e1 porucha, pri ktorej je schopnos\u0165 die\u0165a\u0165a pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 expres\u00edvny hovoren\u00fd jazyk v\u00fdrazne pod \u00farov\u0148ou primeranou jeho ment\u00e1lnemu veku, ale pri ktorej je porozumenie jazyka v norm\u00e1lnych medziach. M\u00f4\u017eu, ale nemusia sa vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 abnormality v artikul\u00e1cii.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvinov\u00e1 dysf\u00e1zia alebo af\u00e1zia, expres\u00edvny typ.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>Porucha recept\u00edvneho jazyka<\/h5>\n<p>\u0160pecifick\u00e1 v\u00fdvinov\u00e1 porucha, pri ktorej je porozumenie jazyka die\u0165a\u0165om pod \u00farov\u0148ou primeranou jeho ment\u00e1lnemu veku. Prakticky vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch bude tie\u017e v\u00fdrazne ovplyvnen\u00fd expres\u00edvny jazyk a abnormality vo v\u00fdrobe zvukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamu s\u00fa be\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Vroden\u00e1 sluchov\u00e1 impercepcia<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvojov\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0dysf\u00e1zia alebo af\u00e1zia, vn\u00edmav\u00fd typ<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Wernickove af\u00e1zie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>hluchota slova<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>Z\u00edskan\u00e1 af\u00e1zia s\u00a0epilepsiou [Landau-Kleffner]<\/h5>\n<p>Porucha, pri ktorej die\u0165a predt\u00fdm dosiahlo norm\u00e1lny pokrok vo v\u00fdvoji jazyka, str\u00e1ca vn\u00edmav\u00e9 aj expres\u00edvne jazykov\u00e9 schopnosti, ale zachov\u00e1va si v\u0161eobecn\u00fa inteligenciu; n\u00e1stup poruchy je sprev\u00e1dzan\u00fd paroxysm\u00e1lnymi abnormalitami na EEG a vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov aj epileptick\u00fdmi z\u00e1chvatmi. N\u00e1stup je zvy\u010dajne vo veku od troch do siedmich rokov, pri\u010dom zru\u010dnosti sa str\u00e1caj\u00fa nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed alebo t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov. \u010casov\u00e1 s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi vznikom z\u00e1chvatov a stratou jazyka je premenliv\u00e1, pri\u010dom jedna predch\u00e1dza druhej (v oboch pr\u00edpadoch) o nieko\u013eko mesiacov a\u017e dvoch rokov. Ako mo\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00ed\u010dina tejto poruchy sa objavuje z\u00e1palov\u00fd encefalitick\u00fd proces. Asi dve tretiny pacientov zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa s viac alebo menej z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm deficitom vn\u00edmavosti jazyka.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>In\u00e9 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 poruchy re\u010di \u00a0a jazyka<\/h5>\n<p>\u0160u\u0161lanie<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>V\u00fdvojov\u00e1 porucha re\u010di a jazyka, ne\u0161pecifikovan\u00e1<\/h5>\n<p>Porucha jazyka<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse10\/2019\/en#\/F80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10)-WHO Version for 2019<\/a>.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Downov Syndr\u00f3m&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ds&#8221;]Stav, v ktorom m\u00e1 \u010dlovek extra chromoz\u00f3m. Chromoz\u00f3my s\u00fa mal\u00e9 \u201ebal\u00ed\u010dky\u201c g\u00e9nov v tele. Ur\u010duj\u00fa, ako sa telo die\u0165a\u0165a formuje po\u010das tehotenstva a ako funguje telo die\u0165a\u0165a, ke\u010f rastie v maternici a po naroden\u00ed. Typicky sa die\u0165a narod\u00ed so 46 chromoz\u00f3mami. Deti s Downov\u00fdm syndr\u00f3mom maj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161iu k\u00f3piu jedn\u00e9ho z t\u00fdchto chromoz\u00f3mov, chromoz\u00f3mu 21. Lek\u00e1rskym v\u00fdrazom, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 \u010fal\u0161iu k\u00f3piu chromoz\u00f3mu, je \u201etriz\u00f3mia\u201c. Downov syndr\u00f3m sa naz\u00fdva aj triz\u00f3mia 21. T\u00e1to \u010fal\u0161ia k\u00f3pia men\u00ed sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm die\u0165a sa vyv\u00edja telo a mozog, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee die\u0165a\u0165u sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 psychick\u00e9 aj fyzick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n<p>Aj ke\u010f \u013eudia s Downov\u00fdm syndr\u00f3mom m\u00f4\u017eu p\u00f4sobi\u0165 a vyzera\u0165 podobne, ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlovek m\u00e1 in\u00e9 schopnosti. \u013dudia s Downov\u00fdm syndr\u00f3mom maj\u00fa zvy\u010dajne IQ (mieru inteligencie) v mierne a\u017e stredne n\u00edzkom rozmedz\u00ed a hovoria pomal\u0161ie ako in\u00e9 deti..<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/birthdefects\/downsyndrome.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Center for Desease Control and Prevention. US Government<\/a>.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Dyspraxia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;dy&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), also known as dyspraxia, is a common disorder affecting fine and\/or gross motor coordination in children and adults. DCD is formally recognised by international organisations including the World Health Organisation. DCD is distinct from other motor disorders such as cerebral palsy and stroke, and occurs across the range of intellectual abilities. Individuals may vary in how their difficulties present: these may change over time depending on environmental demands and life experiences, and will persist into adulthood.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">An individual\u2019s coordination difficulties may affect participation and functioning of everyday life skills in education, work and employment. Children may present with difficulties with self-care, writing, typing, riding a bike and play as well as other educational and recreational activities. In adulthood many of these difficulties will continue, as well as learning new skills at home, in education and work, such as driving a car and DIY. There may be a range of co-occurring difficulties which can also have serious negative impacts on daily life. These include social and emotional difficulties as well as problems with time management, planning and personal organisation, and these may also affect an adult\u2019s education or employment experiences.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\">The child may generally appear awkward. S\/he may have difficulties with some or all of the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p4\">\u00a0Physical play, PE, and school sports, especially in playing team games, including ball skills.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\">\u00a0Self-care e.g. dressing before\/after PE e.g. tying shoe laces, putting clothes on the right way around.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\">\u00a0Handwriting and drawing.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\">\u00a0Using tools and equipment e.g. scissors, rulers.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\">\u00a0Learning new motor tasks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p4\">Some children may also experience:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p4\">\u00a0Difficulties with general organisation and planning of themselves and their belongings e.g. losing pens and papers, forgetting books or sports equipment they need.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\">\u00a0Social difficulties e.g. difficulty in groups, especially maintaining friendships.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p6\">\u00a0Emotional difficulties e.g. low self-esteem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Leaflet-for-primary-teacher-MM2012b.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Movement Matters (PDF)<\/a>.[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;E&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Empatia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;emp&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Sl\u00fa\u017ei ako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd motiv\u00e1tor prosoci\u00e1lneho alebo altruistick\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vania. \u010cinnosti v prospech inej osoby bez akejko\u013evek o\u010dak\u00e1vanej odmeny pre seba (Eisenberg, 2005).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;F&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Krehk\u00fd X syndr\u00f3m&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;fxs&#8221;]Genetick\u00e1 porucha. Genetick\u00e1 porucha znamen\u00e1, \u017ee existuj\u00fa zmeny v g\u00e9noch \u010dloveka. FXS je sp\u00f4soben\u00fd zmenami v krehkom g\u00e9ne X pre ment\u00e1lnu retard\u00e1ciu 1 (FMR1). G\u00e9n FMR1 zvy\u010dajne vytv\u00e1ra prote\u00edn naz\u00fdvan\u00fd krehk\u00fd X prote\u00edn ment\u00e1lnej retard\u00e1cie (FMRP). FMRP je potrebn\u00fd pre norm\u00e1lny v\u00fdvoj mozgu. \u013dudia, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa FXS, tento prote\u00edn nevyr\u00e1baj\u00fa. \u013dudia, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa in\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/fxs\/associateddisorders.html\">krehk\u00e9 poruchy spojen\u00e9 s X<\/a>, maj\u00fa zmeny vo svojom g\u00e9ne FMR1, ale zvy\u010dajne si z nich vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa \u010das\u0165 prote\u00ednu.<\/p>\n<p>FXS ovplyv\u0148uje mu\u017eov aj \u017eeny. \u017deny v\u0161ak maj\u00fa \u010dasto miernej\u0161ie pr\u00edznaky ako mu\u017ei.<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/fxs\/facts.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020<\/a>.[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Jemn\u00e9 pohybov\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti (FMS)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;fms&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">S\u00fa zru\u010dnosti, v ktor\u00fdch je presnos\u0165 pohybu prim\u00e1rnym predpokladom \u00faspechu vo v\u00fdkonnosti. Jemn\u00e1 motorika sa zvy\u010dajne dosahuje n\u00e1borom mal\u00fdch svalov\u00fdch skup\u00edn, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad prsty, ruky, predlaktia, a m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00fdrazne zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 koordin\u00e1ciu ruka-oko. Patr\u00ed sem rukopis, \u0161itie, zap\u00ednanie gomb\u00edkov na ko\u0161eli, zav\u00e4zovanie \u0161n\u00farok at\u010f. (Edwards, 2010).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;G&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Hrub\u00e9 motorick\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti (GMS)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;gms&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">S\u00fa zru\u010dnosti, v ktor\u00fdch je n\u00e1rast svalovej sily prim\u00e1rnym predpokladom v\u00fdkonnostn\u00e9ho \u00faspechu. Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 motorick\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti, ako s\u00fa ch\u00f4dza, beh, sk\u00e1kanie, h\u00e1dzanie, balansovanie alebo \u0161plhanie, zvy\u010dajne zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa ve\u013ea svalov\u00fdch skup\u00edn a \u010dasto pohyb cel\u00e9ho tela. (Edwards, 2010).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Celkov\u00e1 v\u00fdvojov\u00e1 porucha&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;gfmd&#8221;]Vz\u0165ahuje sa na deti, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa zna\u010dn\u00e9 rozdiely v dosahovan\u00ed o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdch m\u00ed\u013enikov pre svoj skuto\u010dn\u00fd alebo biologick\u00fd vek. Oneskorenie v\u00fdvoja sa meria pomocou validovan\u00fdch hodnoten\u00ed v\u00fdvoja a m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 mierne, stredn\u00e9 alebo \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9. Oneskorenie v\u00fdvoja je sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 zl\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledkami p\u00f4rodov, neadekv\u00e1tnou stimul\u00e1ciou, podv\u00fd\u017eivou, chronick\u00fdm zl\u00fdm zdravotn\u00fdm stavom a in\u00fdmi organick\u00fdmi probl\u00e9mami, psychologick\u00fdmi a rodinn\u00fdmi situ\u00e1ciami alebo in\u00fdmi faktormi \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia. Aj ke\u010f oneskorenie v\u00fdvoja nemus\u00ed by\u0165 trval\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017ee poskytn\u00fa\u0165 z\u00e1klad pre identifik\u00e1ciu det\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu trpie\u0165 zdravotn\u00fdm postihnut\u00edm. To \u010falej zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje v\u00fdznam v\u010dasnej identifik\u00e1cie, aby sa mohli za\u010da\u0165 v\u010dasn\u00e9 intervencie so zapojen\u00edm rodiny, zameran\u00e9 na predch\u00e1dzanie oneskoreniam, podporu nov\u00fdch kompetenci\u00ed a vytv\u00e1ranie stimuluj\u00facej\u0161ieho a ochrannej\u0161ieho prostredia.<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Easy-childhood-development-and-disablity.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO \u2013 UNICEF (2012). Early childhood and disability: discussion paper (PDF)<\/a>.[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;H&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Nedosl\u00fdchavos\u0165&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;hoh&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">M\u00f4\u017ee ozna\u010di\u0165 osobu s miernou a\u017e strednou stratou sluchu. Alebo to m\u00f4\u017ee znamena\u0165 nepo\u010duj\u00facu osobu, ktor\u00e1 nem\u00e1 \/ nechce kult\u00farne spojenie s komunitou nepo\u010duj\u00facich. Alebo obidva tieto pr\u00edpady. (Ennis &amp; Liberman, cited in Block, 2019, p. 218)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Hydrocefalus&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;hydro&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">T\u00fdka sa nahromadenia tekutiny CNS vo vn\u00fatri mozgu, ku ktor\u00e9mu doch\u00e1dza pri naru\u0161en\u00ed norm\u00e1lneho obehu, preto\u017ee otvoren\u00e1 chrbtica umo\u017e\u0148uje spodnej \u010dasti mozgu prek\u013azava\u0165 cez otvor miechy. Hydrocefalus nast\u00e1va, ke\u010f existuje nerovnov\u00e1ha medzi mno\u017estvom produkovan\u00e9ho CSF a r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou, akou je absorbovan\u00fd. \u0164a\u017ek\u00fd hydrocefalus m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 za n\u00e1sledok, \u017ee die\u0165a bude musie\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 invalidn\u00fd voz\u00edk.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Heart conditions&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;cvd&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Is the name for the group of disorders of heart and blood vessels, and includes:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\">hypertension (high blood pressure)<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">coronary heart disease (heart attack)<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">cerebrovascular disease (stroke)<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">peripheral vascular disease<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">heart failure<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">rheumatic heart disease<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">congenital heart disease<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">cardiomyopathies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/cardiovascular_diseases\/about_cvd\/en\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;\u013dudsk\u00fd v\u00edrus nedostato\u010dnej imunity (HIV)\/ Syndr\u00f3m z\u00edskanej poruchy imunity (AIDS)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;hiv&#8221;]Infikuje bunky imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, ni\u010d\u00ed alebo zhor\u0161uje ich funkciu. Infekcia v\u00edrusom vedie k postupn\u00e9mu zhor\u0161ovaniu imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, \u010do vedie k \u201eimunitnej nedostato\u010dnosti\u201c. Imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m sa pova\u017euje za nedostato\u010dn\u00fd, ak u\u017e nem\u00f4\u017ee plni\u0165 svoju \u00falohu v boji proti infekci\u00e1m a chorob\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Syndr\u00f3m z\u00edskanej imunodeficiencie (AIDS) je term\u00edn, ktor\u00fd sa vz\u0165ahuje na najpokro\u010dilej\u0161ie \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1 infekcie HIV. Definuje sa v\u00fdskytom ktorejko\u013evek z viac ako 20 oport\u00fannych infekci\u00ed alebo rakoviny s\u00favisiacej s HIV.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hiv-aids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2019<\/a> &#8211; <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/q-a-detail\/hiv-aids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Q&amp;A<\/a>[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;I&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Deficit inhibi\u010dnej kontroly&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;icd&#8221;]Inhibi\u010dn\u00e1 kontrola bola definovan\u00e1 ako schopnos\u0165 z\u00e1merne potla\u010di\u0165 alebo preru\u0161i\u0165 prejav kognit\u00edvnych, emocion\u00e1lnych alebo behavior\u00e1lnych reakci\u00ed (33\u201335). Pod\u013ea Barkleyho (30) sa tak\u00e1to inhib\u00edcia sklad\u00e1 z troch oddelen\u00fdch a prekr\u00fdvaj\u00facich sa procesov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00e9 za: 1. inhib\u00edciu ur\u010dit\u00e9ho ne\u017eiaduceho spr\u00e1vania, \u010do vedie k oneskoreniu kone\u010dnej odpovede; 2. zastavenie prebiehaj\u00facej odpovede, citlivos\u0165 na chyby a zmena priebehu odpovede, ktor\u00e1 sa uk\u00e1\u017ee ako neuspokojiv\u00e1; 3. odol\u00e1va\u0165 rozpt\u00fdleniu, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee nasta\u0165 po\u010das oneskorenej reakcie, a necha\u0165 si rozhodnutie o zmene strat\u00e9gie nies\u0165 a\u017e do konca.\u201c (<span class='qlabs_tooltip_top_center qlabs_tooltip_style_38 cursor_pointer event_hover' style=''  aria-haspopup='true'>Coutinho, Reis, da Silva, Miranda, &amp; Mallory-Diniz, 2018<span style='width: 180px; '  >Coutinho, T. V., Reis, S., da Silva, A. G., Miranda, D. M., &amp; Malloy-Diniz, L. F. (2018). Deficits in Response Inhibition in Patients with Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Impaired Self-Protection System Hypothesis. <a class=\"tooltip-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00299\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Frontiers in psychiatry<\/a><\/span><\/span>).[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Syndr\u00f3m dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9ho \u010dreva (IBS)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ibs&#8221;]Syndr\u00f3m dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9ho \u010dreva (IBS) je be\u017en\u00fd chronick\u00fd stav, ktor\u00fd ovplyv\u0148uje tr\u00e1viaci syst\u00e9m. Sp\u00f4sobuje pr\u00edznaky ako \u017eal\u00fado\u010dn\u00e9 k\u0155\u010de, nad\u00favanie, hna\u010dky a z\u00e1pcha. Tieto maj\u00fa tendenciu \u010dasom prich\u00e1dza\u0165 a odch\u00e1dza\u0165 a m\u00f4\u017eu trva\u0165 v\u017edy nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed, t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov alebo mesiacov. Je to v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou probl\u00e9m na cel\u00fd \u017eivot. Neexistuje \u017eiadny liek, ale zmena stravy a lieky m\u00f4\u017eu \u010dasto pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri zvl\u00e1dan\u00ed pr\u00edznakov(<span class='qlabs_tooltip_top_center qlabs_tooltip_style_38 cursor_pointer event_hover' style=''  aria-haspopup='true'>NHS, 2017<span style='width: 180px; '  >National Health Service (NHS) (2017). <a class=\"tooltip-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/irritable-bowel-syndrome-ibs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Irritable bowel syndrome<\/a><\/span><\/span>).[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;J&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Juveniln\u00e1 idiopatick\u00e1 artrit\u00edda&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;juvenile&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">V\u0161eobecn\u00fd pojem pre 100 r\u00f4znych typov artrit\u00eddy a s\u00favisiacich stavov vyskytuj\u00facich sa u det\u00ed, kde je prim\u00e1rnou patol\u00f3giou z\u00e1pal spojivov\u00fdch tkan\u00edv, charakterizuje opuch a boles\u0165. (Horvat et al., p. 319).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;K&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Kyf\u00f3za&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;kypho&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Abnorm\u00e1lne zv\u00fd\u0161enie flexie hrudnej oblasti chrbtice.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;L&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Deformity kon\u010dat\u00edn&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ldef&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">M\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 vroden\u00e9 alebo z\u00edskan\u00e9. Kon\u010datina alebo jej \u010das\u0165 nie je pri naroden\u00ed alebo je zdeformovan\u00e1. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 amput\u00e1cie sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa straty kon\u010dat\u00edn v d\u00f4sledku traumy, \u00farazu, choroby alebo chirurgick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kroku.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Lokomo\u010dn\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ls&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Zru\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 pohybuj\u00fa telom cez priestorov\u00e9 prostredie, ako s\u00fa ch\u00f4dza, beh, preskakovanie, sk\u00e1kanie alebo k\u013azanie.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Porucha u\u010denia\/Porucha intelektu&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ldis&#8221;]Ment\u00e1lne postihnutie znamen\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fa schopnos\u0165 porozumie\u0165 nov\u00fdm alebo komplexn\u00fdm inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m a u\u010di\u0165 sa a uplat\u0148ova\u0165 nov\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti (naru\u0161en\u00e1 inteligencia). To m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fa schopnos\u0165 samostatn\u00e9ho zvl\u00e1dania (naru\u0161en\u00e9 soci\u00e1lne fungovanie) a za\u010d\u00edna sa pred dospelos\u0165ou, m\u00e1 trval\u00fd vplyv na v\u00fdvoj.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/health-topics\/noncommunicable-diseases\/mental-health\/news\/news\/2010\/15\/childrens-right-to-family-life\/definition-intellectual-disability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">WHO, 2020<\/a>[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;M&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Manipula\u010dn\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;mans&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Zru\u010dnosti potrebn\u00e9 na manipul\u00e1ciu s ur\u010dit\u00fdm predmetom, ako je h\u00e1dzanie, chytanie, odr\u00e1\u017eanie, kopanie, dribling a kot\u00fa\u013eanie.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Pohybov\u00e9 kompetencie&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;mc&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Dostato\u010dne r\u00f4znorod\u00fd motorick\u00fd reperto\u00e1r pre adapt\u00edvne kvalifikovan\u00e9 akcie, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 flexibilne prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 r\u00f4znym a konkr\u00e9tnym kontextom pohybu (Clark &amp; Humphrey).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Svalov\u00e1 dystrofia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;md&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Vyzna\u010duje sa neust\u00e1lym progres\u00edvnym zhor\u0161ovan\u00edm prie\u010dne pruhovan\u00e9ho svalov\u00e9ho tkaniva, ktor\u00e9 postupuje r\u00f4znymi r\u00fdchlos\u0165ami.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Pohybov\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;mos&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Nau\u010den\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00fa v presnom pohybe svalov so z\u00e1merom vykona\u0165 konkr\u00e9tny \u010din, s\u00fa to cie\u013eavedom\u00e9 pohyby zameran\u00e9 na cie\u013e.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Skler\u00f3za multiplex (SM)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ms&#8221;]Nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9 ochorenie centr\u00e1lneho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, roztr\u00fasen\u00e1 skler\u00f3za (SM) sa m\u00f4\u017ee pohybova\u0165 od relat\u00edvne ben\u00edgnych a\u017e po mierne invalidizuj\u00face a\u017e zni\u010duj\u00face, preto\u017ee je naru\u0161en\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia medzi mozgom a in\u00fdmi \u010das\u0165ami tela. Mnoho vy\u0161etrovate\u013eov ver\u00ed, \u017ee SM je autoimunitn\u00e9 ochorenie &#8211; ochorenie, pri ktorom organizmus prostredn\u00edctvom svojho imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu podnikne obrann\u00fd \u00fatok proti svojim vlastn\u00fdm tkaniv\u00e1m. V pr\u00edpade SM je napadnut\u00fd nervovo izola\u010dn\u00fd myel\u00edn. Tak\u00e9to \u00fatoky m\u00f4\u017eu s\u00favisie\u0165 s nezn\u00e1mym sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u010dom prostredia, mo\u017eno s v\u00edrusom.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina pacientov s SM m\u00e1 svalov\u00fa slabos\u0165 na kon\u010datin\u00e1ch a \u0165a\u017ekosti s koordin\u00e1ciou a rovnov\u00e1hou. Tieto pr\u00edznaky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 dostato\u010dne z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 na to, aby naru\u0161ili ch\u00f4dzu alebo dokonca st\u00e1tie. V najhor\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017ee SM sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 \u010diasto\u010dn\u00e9 alebo \u00fapln\u00e9 ochrnutie. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed so SM tie\u017e vykazuje parest\u00e9ziu, prechodn\u00e9 abnorm\u00e1lne senzorick\u00e9 pocity, ako s\u00fa necitlivos\u0165, pichanie alebo pocity \u201emrav\u010denia\u201c. U niektor\u00fdch sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 aj bolesti. \u010eal\u0161ie \u010dast\u00e9 s\u0165a\u017enosti s\u00fa re\u010dov\u00e9 prek\u00e1\u017eky, chvenie a z\u00e1vraty. \u013dudia so SM maj\u00fa ob\u010das stratu sluchu. Pribli\u017ene polovica v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed so SM m\u00e1 kognit\u00edvne poruchy, ako s\u00fa \u0165a\u017ekosti s koncentr\u00e1ciou, pozornos\u0165ou, pam\u00e4\u0165ou a zl\u00fdm \u00fasudkom, ale tieto pr\u00edznaky s\u00fa zvy\u010dajne mierne a \u010dasto sa prehliadaj\u00fa. Depresia je \u010fal\u0161ou spolo\u010dnou \u010drtou SM.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Retrieved from <a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160213025406\/http:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/disorders\/multiple_sclerosis\/multiple_sclerosis.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 2015<\/a>.[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;N&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Neverb\u00e1lna komunik\u00e1cia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;nc&#8221;]Neverb\u00e1lna komunik\u00e1cia v \u0161porte je definovan\u00e1 ako v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 aspekty komunik\u00e1cie. Tento poh\u013ead na neverb\u00e1lnu komunik\u00e1ciu v \u0161porte zah\u0155\u0148a sp\u00f4sob komunik\u00e1cie jednotlivcov v \u0161portovom priemysle pomocou:<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 pohyby tela (napr. dr\u017eanie tela, mimika, fyzick\u00fd vzh\u013ead, gest\u00e1, pohyby),<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 neverb\u00e1lne aspekty re\u010di (napr. t\u00f3n hlasu, r\u00fdchlos\u0165 hovoru, hlasitos\u0165 re\u010di, inton\u00e1cia) a<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 faktory prostredia (napr. hluk, dekor\u00e1cie, architekt\u00fara, text\u00fara, n\u00e1bytok, farba). \u201c<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">(Petersen et al., 2007, p. 105)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Neverb\u00e1lne spr\u00e1vanie&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;nb&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Definovan\u00e9 ako komunik\u00e1cia bez slov (Knapp &amp; Hall, 2002).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;P&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Psycho-soci\u00e1lne faktory&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;psf&#8221;]Medzi soci\u00e1lne faktory patria v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 faktory na \u00farovni \u013eudskej spolo\u010dnosti zaoberaj\u00face sa soci\u00e1lnou \u0161trukt\u00farou a soci\u00e1lnymi procesmi, ktor\u00e9 zasahuj\u00fa jednotlivca. Psychologick\u00e9 faktory zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa procesy a v\u00fdznamy na individu\u00e1lnej \u00farovni, ktor\u00e9 ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa psychick\u00e9 stavy. Niekedy sa tieto slov\u00e1 kombinuj\u00fa ako \u201epsychosoci\u00e1lne\u201c. Toto je skratkov\u00fd v\u00fdraz pre kombin\u00e1ciu psychologick\u00e9ho a soci\u00e1lneho, ale tie\u017e z neho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dinok soci\u00e1lnych procesov je niekedy sprostredkovan\u00fd psychologick\u00fdm porozumen\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">(Stansfeld &amp; Rasul, 2007).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Telesn\u00e9 limit\u00e1cie&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;phl&#8221;]Fyzick\u00e9 obmedzenia sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa absencie fyzick\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed, \u010do znamen\u00e1 mieru, do akej m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dlovek zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 fyzick\u00e9 \u00falohy ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Fyzick\u00e9 obmedzenia s\u00fa preto d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 z d\u00f4vodu ich vz\u0165ahu so schopnos\u0165ou samostatn\u00e9ho \u017eivota a s celkovou kvalitou \u017eivota.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">(<span class='qlabs_tooltip_top qlabs_tooltip_style_38 cursor_pointer event_hover' style=''  aria-haspopup='true'>Block, 2016<span style='width: 220px; '  >A teacher\u2019s guide to adapted physical education: Including students with disabilities in sports and recreation. Baltimore: Brookes. This book is helpful in providing guidance on inclusive PE lessons. Chapters on Curricular and Game and Sport modifications are particularly useful in presenting adaptations for children with a physical disability. Regular references to research strengthen the theoretical basis for inclusion and strategies to promote inclusion. Particular sections focus on promoting understanding of the causes, incidence, treatment, health and medical issues that impact on children\u2019s inclusion.<\/span><\/span>)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Telesn\u00e9 postihnutia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;phc&#8221;]Vz\u0165ahuj\u00fa sa na mieru, do akej m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dlovek zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 fyzick\u00e9 \u00falohy ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Tieto schopnosti m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ohrozen\u00e9 tromi kateg\u00f3riami telesn\u00fdch postihnut\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa be\u017ene vyskytuj\u00fa u det\u00ed (1) telesn\u00e9 postihnutia, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v\u00fdsledkom miechy a st\u013apca (traumatick\u00e9 poranenia miechy, r\u00e1z\u0161tep chrbtice a odch\u00fdlky miechy), (2) telesn\u00e9 postihnutia, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 r\u00f4znymi \u010das\u0165ami mozgu (detsk\u00e1 mozgov\u00e1 obrna a traumatick\u00e9 poranenie mozgu) a (3) amput\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">(Block, 2016)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Syst\u00e9m monitorovania \u017eiaka&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;pms&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">N\u00e1stroj, pomocou ktor\u00e9ho je mo\u017en\u00e9 ur\u010di\u0165 \u00farove\u0148 zru\u010dnost\u00ed a sledova\u0165 v\u00fdvoj det\u00ed. Znalos\u0165 motorick\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed \u017eiakov je d\u00f4le\u017eitou podmienkou pre z\u00edskanie dobrej (adapt\u00edvnej) hodiny\u00a0 telesnej v\u00fdchovy.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;R&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Retinopatia nedonosen\u00fdch det\u00ed (ROP)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;rop&#8221;]\n<p>Predt\u00fdm zn\u00e1ma ako retrolent\u00e1lna fibropl\u00e1zia (RLF), je ochorenie oka postihuj\u00face pred\u010dasne naroden\u00e9 deti, ktor\u00fdm sa obvykle venuje intenz\u00edvna novorodeneck\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee je to sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 neorganizovan\u00fdm rastom krvn\u00fdch ciev sietnice, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 za n\u00e1sledok zjazvenie a odl\u00fa\u010denie sietnice. ROP m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 mierna a m\u00f4\u017ee spont\u00e1nne ust\u00fapi\u0165, ale vo v\u00e1\u017enych pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k slepote.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">(Special Education Department, DCU).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Zodpovednos\u0165&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;res&#8221;]\n<p>Vyu\u010dovanie hodn\u00f4t aj v kontexte zodpovednosti jednotlivca zvy\u0161uje spektrum indoktrin\u00e1cie. Hellison (2003, 2011) sa vydal smerom povzbudzuj\u00facich diskusi\u00ed, kriticky uva\u017eoval o hodnot\u00e1ch a etick\u00fdch poz\u00edci\u00e1ch v rozmanitej, zlo\u017eitej a neust\u00e1le sa meniacej spolo\u010dnosti. Z t\u00fdchto d\u00f4vodov chce Hellison pom\u00f4c\u0165 \u0161tudentom prevzia\u0165 osobn\u00fa a spolo\u010densk\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165, \u010do \u010diasto\u010dne znamen\u00e1 zdie\u013eanie moci so \u0161tudentmi a presunutie rozhodovania na nich<\/p>\n<p>(Hellison, 2003, p.10, 11).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;S&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Selekt\u00edvny mutizmus\/ Elekt\u00edvny mutizmus&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;sm&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Vyzna\u010duje sa v\u00fdraznou, emo\u010dne ur\u010denou selekt\u00edvnos\u0165ou v rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed, tak\u017ee die\u0165a v niektor\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch preuk\u00e1\u017ee jazykov\u00fa kompetenciu, ale v in\u00fdch (definovate\u013en\u00fdch) situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch nevie hovori\u0165. Porucha je zvy\u010dajne spojen\u00e1 s v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi osobnostn\u00fdmi rysmi, ktor\u00e9 zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa soci\u00e1lnu \u00fazkos\u0165, stiahnutie sa, citlivos\u0165 alebo odpor<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s1\">Retrieved from <\/span><a class=\"text-content-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse10\/2019\/en#\/F94.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10)-WHO Version for 2019<\/a>.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Dysfunkcia senzorickej integr\u00e1cie&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;sid&#8221;]\n<p>\u201eSensory Processing Disorder alebo SPD (p\u00f4vodne naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 Sensory Integration Dysfunction) je neurologick\u00e1 porucha, pri ktorej senzorick\u00e1 inform\u00e1cia, ktor\u00fa jedinec vn\u00edma, vedie k abnorm\u00e1lnym reakci\u00e1m\u201c. \u201eSPD je neurofyziologick\u00fd stav, pri ktorom je senzorick\u00fd vstup z prostredia alebo z tela \u010dloveka nedostato\u010dne detekovan\u00fd, modulovan\u00fd alebo interpretovan\u00fd a \/ alebo pri ktorom s\u00fa pozorovan\u00e9 atypick\u00e9 reakcie.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u201eSenzorick\u00e9 spracovanie sa t\u00fdka sp\u00f4sobu, ak\u00fdm nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m prij\u00edma spr\u00e1vy od zmyslov a men\u00ed ich na odpovede. U t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa poruchu senzorick\u00e9ho spracovania, senzorick\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie id\u00fa do mozgu, ale nie s\u00fa organizovan\u00e9 do vhodn\u00fdch reakci\u00ed. T\u00ed, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa SPD, vn\u00edmaj\u00fa a \/ alebo reaguj\u00fa na zmyslov\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie inak ako v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina ostatn\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed. Na rozdiel od \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa zhor\u0161en\u00fd zrak alebo sluch, t\u00ed, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa poruchu senzorick\u00e9ho spracovania, detekuj\u00fa zmyslov\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie; senzorick\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie sa v\u0161ak v ich mozgu \u201ezmie\u0161aj\u00fa\u201c, a preto s\u00fa reakcie nevhodn\u00e9 v kontexte, v ktorom sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa. \u201c<span class=\"s1\">(<span class='qlabs_tooltip_top qlabs_tooltip_style_38 cursor_pointer event_hover' style=''  aria-haspopup='true'>STAR Institute, 2020<span style='width: 180px; '  >STAR Institute (2020). <a class=\"tooltip-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.spdstar.org\/basic\/understanding-sensory-processing-disorder\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"\">Understanding Sensory Processing Disorder<\/a>. <\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Soci\u00e1lne spr\u00e1vanie&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;sob&#8221;]\n<p>Konkr\u00e9tne soci\u00e1lne aspekty citovan\u00e9 v odborn\u00fdch dokumentoch sa l\u00ed\u0161ia. Niektor\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee tento v\u00fdvoj spo\u010d\u00edva v individu\u00e1lnych zru\u010dnostiach \/ zameran\u00ed na seba, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad discipl\u00edna a vytrvalos\u0165. Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee \u010fal\u0161ie zmienky o soci\u00e1lnych aspektoch sa zaoberaj\u00fa interakciami medzi jednotlivcom a \u013eu\u010fmi v jeho kontexte. Patr\u00ed sem napr\u00edklad re\u0161pekt a fair-play. Preto sa rozdiel medzi seba orientovan\u00fdmi a interperson\u00e1lnymi zru\u010dnos\u0165ami \/ spr\u00e1van\u00edm, aj ke\u010f vo\u013ene, \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edva na ozna\u010denie toho, \u017ee soci\u00e1lna oblas\u0165 nie je homog\u00e9nna, ale heterog\u00e9nna a zlo\u017eit\u00e1. Ak sa hovor\u00ed o \u201esoci\u00e1lnom spr\u00e1van\u00ed\u201c, pou\u017e\u00edva sa ako zastre\u0161uj\u00faci pojem, ktor\u00fd zah\u0155\u0148a tak interakt\u00edvne soci\u00e1lne spr\u00e1vanie, ako aj soci\u00e1lne zameran\u00e9 na seba.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">(Jacobs, 2016, p. 8)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Zranenia chrbtice&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;sci&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">M\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 po\u0161kodenie nervov\u00e9ho tkaniva prech\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho z mozgu do kr\u00ed\u017eov. Tak\u00e9to l\u00e9zie m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 k strate funk\u010dnosti kon\u010dat\u00edn<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Skoli\u00f3za&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;sc&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Je odch\u00fdlka, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00f4sob\u00ed abnorm\u00e1lne vych\u00fdlenie chrbtice do strany.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Zmyslov\u00e9 postihnutie&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;sim&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Je, ke\u010f jeden zo zmyslov; zrak, sluch, \u010duch, hmat, chu\u0165 a priestorov\u00e9 vedomie u\u017e nie s\u00fa norm\u00e1lne. Ak napr\u00edklad nos\u00edte okuliare, m\u00e1te poruchu zraku, ak je v\u00e1m \u0165a\u017eko po\u010du\u0165 alebo m\u00e1te na\u010d\u00favac\u00ed pr\u00edstroj, m\u00e1te poruchu sluchu..<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Zru\u010dnos\u0165&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;skill&#8221;]\n<p>Nau\u010den\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 zameran\u00e1 na cie\u013e, ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148a \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum \u013eudsk\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vania.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">(Edwards, 2010)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Spina bifida&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;sb&#8221;]\n<p>Je stav, ktor\u00fd sa t\u00fdka v\u00fdvojovej chyby chrbtice, pri ktorej nedoch\u00e1dza k f\u00fazii obl\u00fakov jedn\u00e9ho alebo viacer\u00fdch chrbticov\u00fdch stavcov). Ka\u017ed\u00e9 die\u0165a predstavuje jedine\u010dn\u00fd s\u00fabor klinick\u00fdch charakterist\u00edk s prim\u00e1rnym a sekund\u00e1rnym postihnut\u00edm. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdmi prim\u00e1rnymi postihnutiami s\u00fa svalov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza, deform\u00e1cie kostry, strata citlivosti, hydrocefalus a inkontinencia mo\u010du a \u010driev.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">(Horvat et al, 2019, p. 294-296)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;T&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Traumatick\u00e9 poranenia mozgu&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;tbi&#8221;]\n<p class=\"p1\">Vyzna\u010duj\u00fa sa \u00faderom do hlavy alebo prenikav\u00fdm poranen\u00edm hlavy, ktor\u00e9 nar\u00fa\u0161a funkciu mozgu.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Asistent u\u010dite\u013ea&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ta&#8221;]\n<p>Jednotlivec, ktor\u00fd pom\u00e1ha u\u010dite\u013eovi s in\u0161trukt\u00e1\u017enymi povinnos\u0165ami.<\/p>\n<p>Asistenta u\u010dite\u013ea mo\u017eno tie\u017e ozna\u010di\u0165 ako asistenta u\u010dite\u013ea, asistenta vzdel\u00e1vania, asistenta pre \u0161peci\u00e1lne potreby \u00a0alebo para profesion\u00e1la.<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;V&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Zrakov\u00e9 postihnutie&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;vis&#8221;]\n<p>Zrakov\u00e9 postihnutie vr\u00e1tane slepoty znamen\u00e1, \u017ee aj po korekcii postihnutie nepriaznivo ovplyv\u0148uje v\u00fdkon die\u0165a\u0165a (upraven\u00e9 v publik\u00e1cii Liberman &amp; Runyan, citovan\u00fd v Block, 2019, s. 231).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Die\u0165a so zrakov\u00fdm postihnut\u00edm je definovan\u00e9 ako die\u0165a, ktor\u00e9ho v\u00fdkon je nepriaznivo ovplyvnen\u00fd, aj ke\u010f s\u00fa nasaden\u00e9 korek\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161o\u0161ovky. Die\u0165a nemus\u00ed by\u0165 slep\u00e9 alebo dokonca \u0165a\u017eko zrakovo obmedzen\u00e9, aby malo n\u00e1rok diagn\u00f3zu zrakov\u00e9 postihnutie (Gallahue &amp; Donnelly, 2003, s.152).<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Verb\u00e1lna komunik\u00e1cia&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;vc&#8221;]\n<p>Verb\u00e1lna komunik\u00e1cia v \u0161porte je definovan\u00e1 ako skuto\u010dn\u00e9 slov\u00e1 a jazyk pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v \u0161portovej komunik\u00e1cii .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(Petersen et al., 2007, p. 105)<\/p>\n[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row el_class=&#8221;definition-section&#8221;][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;A&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23d1d3d4&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;left-column&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Nepriazniv\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti z detstva (NSD)&#8221; color=&#8221;sky&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|text_align:left|color:%23333333&#8243; custom_use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; el_id=&#8221;ace&#8221;]Odkazuj\u00fa na najintenz\u00edvnej\u0161ie a naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa vyskytuj\u00face zdroje stresu, ktor\u00fdmi m\u00f4\u017eu deti v ranom veku&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/glossary\/\">&hellip;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2400,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-fullwidth.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2902"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2902"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2902\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2936,"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2902\/revisions\/2936"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dippe.lu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}